Overview of sources

Overview of sources

The CSA climate landscape is quite diverse; while private investments provide the main source of climate finance, public resources remain the key drivers of the climate finance system, and domestic investments, from both public and private sources, provide the main stream of agricultural finance. Therefore, this section identifies agricultural and climate finance resources that may be used for new, innovative or mainstreamed CSA investments, looking at public sources such as national, bilateral and multilateral development finance institutions, national and multilateral climate change funds, specialised United Nations bodies and other multilateral organisations, and other financing from governments, as well as private sources, mainly those leveraged by bilateral channels and multilateral development banks.

Source: The Global Climate Finance Architecture 1

Key resources

CCAFS Big Facts website

Finance:
https://ccafs.cgiar.org/bigfacts/#theme=policy-and-finance&subtheme=finance

Categories of financing sources with relevance to CSA:

References

  • 1

    Nakhooda S, Watson C, Schalatek L. 2015. The Global Climate Finance Architecture. Climate Funds Update. Climate Finance Fundamentals 2. December 2015. Heinrich Böll Stiftung. North America

    http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/10046.pdf

    This Brief investigates the evolution of climate finance, describing the main actors and initiatives that have been active to-date. The brief is part of a series of short introductory briefings on various aspects of international climate finance are designed for readers new to this critical area. In light of the fast pace of developments in climate finance, the briefs allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the quantity and quality of financial flows going to developing countries. http://www.climatefundsupdate.org/resources/cffs

  • 2

    FAO. 2013a. Climate-Smart Agriculture: Sourcebook. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

    http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3325e.pdf Between now and 2050, the world’s population will increase by one-third. Most of these additional 2 billion people will live in developing countries. At the same time, more people will be living in cities. If current income and consumption growth trends continue, FAO estimates that agricultural production will have to increase by 60 percent by 2050 to satisfy the expected demands for food and feed. Agriculture must therefore transform itself if it is to feed a growing global population and provide the basis for economic growth and poverty reduction. Climate change will make this task more difficult under a business-as-usual scenario, due to adverse impacts on agriculture, requiring spiralling adaptation and related costs.
  • 3

    Green Climate Fund. 2015. Investment Opportunities for the Green Climate Fund. GCF’s role and impact within the climate finance ecosystem. Issue 02. First Edition.

    https://issuu.com/greenclimatefund/docs/gcf-elements-02-investment-opportun

    For this second edition of Elements, our series aimed at sharing essential knowledge about the Green Climate Fund – we are highlighting the key opportunities that the Fund can help countries seize. GCF has succeeded in raising approximately USD 10 billion equivalent during its initial resource mobilization in 2014. Utilizing the scarce resources to achieve the greatest possible impact on both mitigation and adaptation is now the key challenge faced by the Fund. This guide considers the opportunities before the Fund, as well as the ongoing efforts of countries and other providers of climate finance. It highlights a number of areas where there is high potential to make a significant and ambitious contribution towards global efforts to combat climate change. This report draws on the findings of the document “Analysis of the Expected Role and Impact of the Green Climate Fund,” presented at the 9th Board Meeting in March 2015, where readers can find in-depth discussion on each results area of the Fund based on up-to-date studies and data from a large number of sources. A list of key references is provided at the end of the document.

  • 4

    UNDP. 2011. Blending Climate Finance Through National Climate Funds. A Guidebook for the Design and Establishment of National Funds to Achieve Climate Change Priorities. New York, NY: United Nations Development Program.

    http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Environment%20and%20Energy/Climate%20Change/Capacity%20Development/Blending_Climate_Finance_Through_National_Climate_Funds.pdf This guidebook is part of a series of manuals, guidebooks and toolkits that draws upon the experience and information generated by the United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) support for climate change adaptation and mitigation projects in some 140 countries over the past decade. These resources are intended to enable project managers, UNDP Country O!ces and developing country government decision-makers to acquaint themselves with a variety of methodologies most appropriate to their development contexts in support of their transition to green, low-emission and climateresilient development.

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CCAFS Climate-Smart Agriculture 101

Case Studies

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The basics

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an integrative approach to address these interlinked challenges of food security and climate change, that explicitly aims for three objectives:

A. Sustainably increasing agricultural productivity, to support equitable increases in farm incomes, food security and development;

B. Adapting and building resilience of agricultural and food security systems to climate change at multiple levels; and

C. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture (including crops, livestock and fisheries).

Entry points

Agriculture affects and is affected by climate change in a wide range of ways and there are numerous entry points for initiating CSA programmes or enhancing existing activities. Productivity, mitigation and adaptation actions can take place at different technological, organizational, institutional and political levels. To help you navigate these myriad entry points we have grouped them under three Thematic Areas: (i) CSA practices, (ii) CSA systems approaches, and (iii) Enabling environments for CSA. Each entry point is then described and analysed in terms of productivity, adoption and mitigation potential and is illustrated with cases studies, references and internet links for further information.

Develop a CSA plan

Planning for, implementing and monitoring CSA projects and programmes evolves around issues of understanding the context including identification of major problems/barriers and opportunities related to the focus of the programme; developing and prioritizing solutions and designing plans; implementation; and monitoring and evaluation. Most major development agencies have their own framework for project and programme formulation and management but CCAFS has developed a specific approach for planning, implementing and assessing CSA projects and programme called CSA plan. CSA plan was developed to provide a guide for operationalizing CSA planning, implementation and monitoring at scale. CSA plan consist of four major components: (1) Situation analysis; (2) Targeting and prioritizing; (3) Program support; and (4) Monitoring. evaluation and learning.

Finance

To meet the objectives of CSA, such as agricultural development, food security and climate change adaptation and mitigation, a number of potential funding sources are available. For instance, climate finance sources may be used to leverage agriculture finance and mainstream climate change into agricultural investments. This section offers an overview of potential sources of funding for activities in climate-smart agriculture (CSA) at national, regional and international levels and for a number of different potential ‘clients’ including governments, civil society, development organizations and others. Additionally, it includes options to search among a range of funding opportunities according to CSA focus area, sector and financing instrument.

Resource library

CSA Guide provides a short and concise introduction and overview of the multifaceted aspects of climate-smart agriculture. At the same time it offers links to references and key resources that allows for further investigations and understanding of specific topics of interest. In the resource library we have gathered all the references, key resources, terms and questions in one place for a quick overview and easy access that can be used as a part of or independently of the other sections of the website. The resource library is divided into six sections; (1) References – list all publications, links and blogs referred to on the website; (2) Tools – list all the CSA tools presented on the website; (3) Key terms – explains the most important and frequently used terms related to CSA; (4) Frequently asked questions (FAQ) – provides a rapid overview of the most common questions asked on climate-smart agriculture; (5) About – where you can find out more about the purpose and structure of, as well as on the organizations and authors behind the website; (6) Contact.

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